Step 5: Define SPGs for each ecosystem service of high and medium concern

Note: The following tables are organised by habitats with generally similar groups of SPUs. Each tabulation is then ordered into three trophic levels, primary producers, primary consumers (including decomposers, detritivores and ecosystem-engineers), secondary consumers.

Some taxa are included as specific examples of ecosystem-engineers. These taxa can also be listed under their general trophic level and so may appear more than once in each habitat table, e.g. ants and termites are listed as ecosystem-engineers as well as primary consumers in cropland and grassland. Taking a different perspective, there are several ecosystem-engineer taxa representing different trophic levels that could all influence ecosystem functions affecting a range of regulating and supporting ecosystem services (see Table 2.7: ants and termites (primary consumers), moles (secondary consumers)).

Examples given are illustrative of one or more habitats within each table, hence the tables contain much duplication but are not the same. Sparsely vegetated land is excluded because the level of importance this habitat represents for most ecosystem services is unknown.

Table 2.7: Cropland and grassland (terrestrial compartments)

Table 2.8: Woodland and forest (terrestrial compartments)

Table 2.9: Heathland and shrub including tundra

Table 2.10: Wetlands

Table 2.11: Rivers and lakes

Table 2.12: Inlets and transitional waters, coastal, shelf and ocean